Themes in the Epistle of James – Ed Rangel

Cross-Commentator Insights

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Theme	Moo	Holloway	Runge	Vincent	Strange/Gould	Pawson	JFB	King	Willis	Woods	Rangel
Faith that Works	Faith shown in deeds	Belief transforms life	Faith displayed	Practical outworking	Social justice embedded	Faith = action	Vital union of faith/works	Living faith obeys	Active, not passive	Faith produces obedience	Faith that functions
Trials & Perseverance	Testing builds character	Trials refine believers	Endurance forms maturity	Spiritual growth	Suffering as shaping tool	Endurance shapes saints	Growth through adversity	Trial as proving ground	Perfects and refines	God trains through trials	Trials are training
Poverty & Wealth	Rebuke to the rich	God lifts poor	Expose economic sin	Contrast social status	Wealth = warning	Two classes at odds	Warning to oppressors	Economic balance	No favoritism allowed	Honor the lowly	Kingdom concern
Tongue & Speech	Mark of maturity	Speech = window to heart	Control your mouth	Danger in language	Synagogue ethics	Power to destroy	Speech bears judgment	Tongue tames self	Power to bless/curse	Tongue as thermometer	Watch your mouth
Wisdom from Above	Two kinds of wisdom	Lived wisdom	Righteous decisions	Jewish wisdom tone	Greco-Jewish ethic	Heavenly insight	Meek, pure, peaceable	Gentle & reasonable	Not academic—practical	Wisdom loves peace	Street-smart holiness